石英晶体板非线性高频振动的拓展伽辽金法分析

针对考虑几何和材料非线性的石英晶体板厚度剪切振动和弯曲振动的方程组,利用扩展伽辽金法对该方程组进行转化和求解,分别获得了强烈耦合的厚度剪切振动模态和弯曲振动模态的频率响应关系,绘制了不同振幅比和不同驱动电压影响下的频率响应曲线图。数值计算结果表明可以选取石英晶片的最佳长厚比尺寸来避免两种模态的强烈耦合。驱动电压的变化将引起石英晶体谐振器厚度剪切振动频率的明显改变,必须将振动频率的漂移值控制在常用压电声波器件的允许值之内。扩展伽辽金法对石英晶体板非线性振动方程组的求解为非线性有限元分析和偏场效应分析奠定了基础。     

气相输运沉积制备c轴择优取向的碘化铋薄膜

铋基卤化物材料因其无毒和优良的光电性能而显示出巨大的应用潜力。BiI₃作为一种层状重金属半导体,已被用于X射线检测、γ射线检测和压力传感器等领域,最近其作为一种薄膜太阳能电池吸收材料备受关注。本文采用简单的气相输运沉积(VTD)法,以BiI₃晶体粉末作为蒸发源,在玻璃基底上得到高质量c轴择优取向的BiI₃薄膜。并通过研究蒸发源温度和沉积距离对薄膜物相和形貌的影响,分析了BiI₃薄膜择优生长的机理。结果表明VTD法制备的BiI₃薄膜属于三斜晶系,其光学带隙为~1.8 eV。沉积温度对薄膜的择优取向有较大影响,在沉积温度低于270 ℃时,沉积的薄膜具有沿c轴择优取向生长的特点,超过此温度,c轴择优取向生长消失。在衬底温度为250 ℃、沉积距离为15 cm时制备的薄膜结晶性能最好,晶体形貌为片状八面体。     

雾化辅助化学气相沉积法氧化镓薄膜生长研究

采用自主设计搭建的雾化辅助化学气相沉积系统设备,开展了Ga₂O₃薄膜制备及其特性研究工作。通过X射线衍射研究了沉积温度、系统沉积压差对Ga₂O₃薄膜结晶质量的影响。结果表明,Ga₂O₃在425~650 ℃温度区间存在物相转换关系。随着沉积温度从425 ℃升高至650 ℃,薄膜结晶分别由非晶态、纯α-Ga₂O₃结晶状态向α-Ga₂O₃、β-Ga₂O₃两相混合结晶状态改变。通过原子力显微镜表征探究了生长温度对Ga₂O₃薄膜表面形貌的影响,从475 ℃升高至650 ℃时,薄膜表面粗糙度由26.8 nm下降至24.8 nm。同时,高分辨X射线衍射仪测试表明475 ℃、5 Pa压差条件下的α-Ga₂O₃薄膜样品半峰全宽仅为190.8″,为高度结晶态的单晶α-Ga₂O₃薄膜材料。     

石墨基液流电池复合双极板

液流电池是一种安全性高、使用寿命长、可扩展的大规模储能系统,可以协助电网调峰储能,提高能源利用率,发展前景广阔。双极板是液流电池的重要组成部分。功能上起到了分隔、串联电池、传导电流、为电堆提供结构支撑等作用。从成本构成角度看,双极板的价格占电堆成本的比重也较大。开发高性能、低成本的双极板对加快液流电池的商业化应用具有重要意义,也是目前业界的迫切需求。虽然文献上报道了许多针对液流电池双极板开发的工作,但是目前高性能、低成本的液流电池双极板产品仍无法充分满足市场需求。本文着重介绍了石墨基复合双极板的研究现状,介绍了材料选择、工艺流程对关键性能的影响,对相关工作进行了评述,并为液流电池双极板的开发提出了建议。     

1,2-Dihydro-1-hydroxy-2,3,1-benzodiazaborine Bearing an Acridine Moiety as a Circular Dichroism Probe for Determination of Absolute Configuration of Mono-Alcohols

A new chiral probe molecule for mono-alcohols is developed by using 1,2-dihydro-1-hydroxy-2,3,1-benzodiazaborine (DAB) bearing an acridine moiety 1 . In the presence of mono-alcohols, DAB 1 forms borate 2 by boronic ester formation, followed by coordination of the acridine moiety to the boron atom. Borate 2 has a chiral center on the boron atom and works as a stereodynamic circular dichroism (CD) probe molecule for chiral mono-alcohols based on the π–π interaction between the acridine moiety and the carbon–carbon unsaturated moiety on mono-alcohols.     

Improving the gas barrier,mechanical and thermal properties of poly(vinyl alcohol) with molybdenum disulfide nanosheets

New multifunctional materials with both high structural and gas barrier performances are important for a range of applications. Herein we present a one‐step mechanochemical process to prepare molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) nanosheets with hydroxy functional groups that can simultaneously improve mechanical strength, thermal conductivity, and gas permittivity of a polymer composite. By homogeneously incorporating these functionalized MoS₂ nanosheets at low loading of less than 1 vol %, a poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) polymer exhibits elongation at break of 154%, toughness of 82 MJ/m³, and in‐plane thermal conductivity of 2.31 W/m K. Furthermore, this composite exhibits significant gas barrier performance, reducing the permeability of helium by 95%. Under fire condition, the MoS₂ nanosheets form thermally stable char, thus enhancing the material's resistance to fire. Hydrogen bonding has been identified as the main interaction mechanism between the nanofillers and the polymer matrix. The present results suggest that the PVA composite reinforced with 2D layered nanomaterial offers great potentials in packaging and fire retardant applications. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2019 , 57, 406–414     

掺锗提高VO2薄膜的相变温度机理研究

二氧化钒(VO₂)作为一种长久以来备受关注的新型可逆相变材料,发展潜力巨大,其相变温度(T_MIT)的调控一直是研究热点。本文主要利用锗离子作为掺杂离子探索其对VO₂薄膜T_MIT的影响,并尝试解释其内部作用机理。在约1 cm²大小抛光的氧化铝薄片上沉积了一系列含不同比例锗离子VO₂薄膜。研究发现锗离子作为掺杂离子确实有利于T_MIT的提高(本课题T_MIT最大可达84.7 ℃)。T_MIT提高的主要原因是锗离子的引入能够强化单斜态V-V二聚体的稳定性,进而增强单斜态的稳定性,使得低温单斜态向四方金红石态转变更加困难。     

Modifying the physicochemical properties,solubility and foaming capacity of milk proteins by ultrasound-assisted alkaline pH-shifting treatment

This study investigated the effects of different treatment of alkaline pH-shifting on milk protein concentrate (MPC), micellar casein concentrate (MCC) and whey protein isolate (WPI) assisted by the same ultrasound conditions, including changes in the physicochemical properties, solubility and foaming capacity. The solubility of milk proteins had a significant increase with gradual enhancement of ultrasound-assisted alkaline pH-shifting (p < 0.05), especially for MCC up to 99.50 %. Also, treatment made a significant decline in the particle size of MPC and MCC, as well as the turbidity of the proteins (p < 0.05). The foaming capacity of MPC, MCC, and WPI was all improved, especially at pH 11, and at this pH, the milk protein also showed the highest surface hydrophobicity. The best foaming capacity at pH 11 was the result of the combined effect of particle size, potential, protein conformation, solubility, and surface hydrophobicity. In conclusion, ultrasound-assisted pH-shifting treatment was found to be effective in improving the physicochemical properties and solubility and foaming capacity of milk proteins, especially MCC, with promising application prospect in food industry.     

Densitometry and indirect normal‐phase HPTLC–ESI–MS for separation and quantitation of drugs and their glucuronide metabolites from plasma

The present work describes novel methods using densitometry and indirect or off‐line high performance thin‐layer chromatography–mass spectrometry (HPTLC–MS) for the simultaneous detection and quantification of asenapine, propranolol and telmisartan and their phase II glucuronide metabolites. After chromatographic separation of the drugs and their metabolites the analytes were scraped, extracted in methanol and concentrated prior to mass spectrometric analysis. Different combinations of toluene and methanol–ethanol–n‐butanol–iso‐propanol were tested for analyte separation and the best results were obtained using toluene–methanol–ammonia (6.9:3.0:0.1, v/v/v) as the elution solvent. All of the drug–metabolite pairs were separated with a homologous retardation factor difference of ≥22. The conventional densitometric approach was also studied and the method performances were compared. Both of the approaches were validated following the International Conference on Harmonization guidelines, and applied to spiked human plasma samples. The major advantage of the TLC–MS approach is that it can provide much lower limits of detection (1.98–5.83 pg/band) and limit of quantitation (5.97–17.63 pg/band) with good precision (?3.0% coefficient of variation) compared with TLC–densitometry. The proposed indirect HPTLC–MS method is simple yet effective and has tremendous potential in the separation and quantitation of drugs and their metabolites from biological samples, especially for clinical studies.     

旋涂法制备WO3薄膜电致变色性能

"智能窗"大规模推广顺应可持续发展潮流,三氧化钨(WO_3)是生产"智能窗"的一种重要电致变色材料,但调控WO_3薄膜电致变色性能机制仍待进一步研究。采用旋涂法制备WO_3薄膜,重点研究了溶液浓度和旋涂次数对调控WO_3薄膜电致变色性能的影响。通过表面轮廓仪测量薄膜厚度,X射线衍射(XRD)测量薄膜结晶情况,原子力显微镜(AFM)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析薄膜表面形貌,光谱仪测量薄膜初始态、着色态和褪色态的透射率。实验结果表明,随着溶液浓度增加(0. 2～1. 0 mol/L),薄膜厚度从9. 7 nm增加到33. 3 nm,透射率调制能力从0%提升到37. 0%;多次旋涂薄膜厚度线性增长,线性拟合优度(R~2)达0. 98,5次旋涂后透射率调制能力达51. 3%。改变溶液浓度和旋涂次数都是调控薄膜透射率调制能力的有效手段,精准调控薄膜透射率调制能力对设计不同应用场景的电致变色器件具有重大意义。